openova/platform/opentofu

OpenTofu

Bootstrap Infrastructure as Code (one-shot). Used by Catalyst Phase 0 (see docs/SOVEREIGN-PROVISIONING.md §3) to provision the initial cloud resources for a new Sovereign — VPC, host nodes, load balancers, DNS records, object storage. After Phase 0, OpenTofu state is archived; Crossplane (running inside the new Sovereign) takes over all subsequent infrastructure changes. OpenTofu is NOT installed on host clusters at runtime — it lives on the always-on catalyst-provisioner only.

Drop-in replacement for Terraform with MPL 2.0 license.

Status: Accepted | Updated: 2026-04-27

---

Overview

OpenTofu is a Linux Foundation / CNCF fork of Terraform, created after HashiCorp changed Terraform's license from MPL 2.0 to the Business Source License (BSL 1.1). OpenTofu retains the MPL 2.0 license and is fully compatible with all Terraform providers and HCL syntax.

OpenTofu provisions the initial infrastructure for Kubernetes clusters. After bootstrap, Crossplane handles all day-2 cloud resource provisioning.

flowchart LR
    subgraph Bootstrap["Bootstrap (OpenTofu)"]
        TF[OpenTofu]
        VMs[VMs + Network]
        K8s[K8s Cluster]
    end

    subgraph Day2["Day-2 (Crossplane)"]
        XP[Crossplane]
        Cloud[Cloud Resources]
    end

    TF --> VMs
    VMs --> K8s
    K8s --> XP
    XP --> Cloud

---

Why OpenTofu

Factor	Detail
License	MPL 2.0 (open source)
Compatibility	100% compatible with Terraform providers and HCL
Governance	Linux Foundation / CNCF project
Migration	Drop-in replacement, no code changes required
Reason for switch	HashiCorp changed Terraform to BSL 1.1

---

Supported Providers

OpenOva supports multiple cloud providers. Each provider has a corresponding Crossplane provider for day-2 operations.

Provider	Crossplane Provider
Hetzner Cloud	provider-hcloud
Huawei Cloud	provider-huaweicloud
Oracle Cloud (OCI)	provider-oci
AWS	provider-aws
GCP	provider-gcp
Azure	provider-azure

---

Directory Structure

opentofu/
├── modules/
│   ├── <provider>-vm/    # Provider-specific VPS provisioning
│   ├── k3s-cluster/      # K3s installation
│   └── dns-failover/     # CoreDNS + k8gb
├── environments/
│   ├── <provider>-<region>/  # Per-environment configs
│   └── ...
└── README.md

---

Quick Start

cd environments/<provider>-<region>

# Catalyst bootstrap (Phase 0) handles credentials interactively
# Creates tofu.tfvars (not committed to Git)

# Initialize and apply
tofu init
tofu plan -var-file=tofu.tfvars
tofu apply -var-file=tofu.tfvars

---

Provider Configuration

Generic Provider Setup

terraform {
  required_providers {
    <provider> = {
      source  = "<provider-source>"
      version = "~> <version>"
    }
  }
}

provider "<provider>" {
  # Credentials via tofu.tfvars or environment variables
}

resource "<provider>_server" "k8s_node" {
  count       = 3
  name        = "<org>-k8s-${count.index + 1}"
  # Provider-specific configuration
}

resource "<provider>_network" "k8s_network" {
  name     = "<org>-network"
  ip_range = "10.0.0.0/16"
}

Note: The terraform {} block name is retained for HCL compatibility. OpenTofu uses the same HCL syntax.

---

K3s Cluster Configuration

Disabled Components

Component	Reason
traefik	Gateway API (Cilium) handles ingress
servicelb	Cloud LB or k8gb DNS-based failover
local-storage	App-level replication
flannel	Cilium CNI

Optimization Parameters

Parameter	Value	Purpose
node-monitor-period	5s	Faster health detection
node-monitor-grace-period	20s	Faster failover
default-watch-cache-size	50	Memory optimization
quota-backend-bytes	1GB	etcd limit
max-pods	50	Per-node limit

---

Multi-Region Architecture

flowchart TB
    subgraph Region1["Region 1"]
        K8s1[K8s Cluster]
        LB1[Cloud LB]
    end

    subgraph Region2["Region 2"]
        K8s2[K8s Cluster]
        LB2[Cloud LB]
    end

    subgraph DNS["DNS (k8gb + ExternalDNS)"]
        GSLB[GSLB]
    end

    LB1 --> K8s1
    LB2 --> K8s2
    GSLB --> LB1
    GSLB --> LB2

---

Secrets Management

No SOPS: All secrets handled via interactive bootstrap.

1. Catalyst Bootstrap (Phase 0) prompts for cloud credentials.
2. Creates tofu.tfvars locally on the provisioner (never committed to Git).
3. Provisions infrastructure.
4. Initializes OpenBao with generated unseal keys (saved offline by the sovereign-admin).
5. After Phase 0, all secret writes go to the primary OpenBao region only; replicas pick up via async perf replication. See docs/SECURITY.md §5.

See External Secrets README for full details.

---

Post-Bootstrap

After OpenTofu provisioning:

1. Install Cilium CNI
2. Bootstrap Flux (from Gitea)
3. Flux deploys remaining components

All subsequent cloud resources are managed by Crossplane, not OpenTofu.

---

Consequences

Positive:

• Multi-cloud support
• Crossplane support for Day-2
• Native LoadBalancer support (where available)
• Multi-region capable
• MPL 2.0 license (fully open source)
• Full compatibility with existing Terraform providers and modules

Negative:

• Provider-specific modules required
• Some providers have limited managed services

---

Part of OpenOva